Chapter 43
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Code Analysis Options

⏱️ 15 min

Code Analysis Overview

Code analysis is one of the most effective ways to improve code quality. Different analysis types catch different problems -- potential bugs, performance bottlenecks, security gaps.

Analysis Menu

1. Knowledge Graph Generation

Generate a code knowledge graph to visualize structure:

  • Map relationships between components - Dependency relationships between modules
  • Visualize dependencies - Dependency visualization
  • Identify architectural patterns - Spot architecture patterns

Knowledge graphs help you understand the overall structure of complex codebases.

2. Code Quality Evaluation

Key metrics for evaluating code quality:

  • Complexity metrics - Cyclomatic complexity, cognitive complexity
  • Maintainability index - How maintainable the code is
  • Technical debt assessment - How much tech debt has piled up
  • Code duplication detection - Finding copy-pasted code

3. Performance Analysis

Find the bottlenecks:

  • Identify bottlenecks - Locate performance hot spots
  • Memory usage patterns - How memory is being used
  • Algorithm complexity - Algorithm complexity analysis
  • Database query optimization - Slow query optimization

4. Security Review

Spot vulnerabilities:

  • Vulnerability scanning - Scan for known vulnerabilities
  • Input validation checks - Are inputs being validated?
  • Authentication/authorization review - Auth and permissions audit
  • Sensitive data handling - How sensitive data is managed

5. Architecture Review

Verify design quality:

  • Design pattern adherence - Are design patterns being followed?
  • SOLID principles compliance - SOLID principles alignment
  • Coupling and cohesion analysis - Coupling and cohesion metrics
  • Module boundaries - Are module boundaries clear?

6. Test Coverage Analysis

Evaluate test coverage:

  • Coverage percentages - Coverage stats
  • Untested code paths - Code paths with no tests
  • Test quality assessment - Quality of existing tests
  • Missing edge cases - Edge cases that aren't covered

Process

Standard workflow for code analysis:

  1. Select analysis type based on need

    • Pick the right analysis for your goal
  2. Run appropriate tools and inspections

    • Execute the relevant tools and checks
  3. Generate comprehensive report

    • Produce a thorough report
  4. Provide actionable recommendations

    • Give specific, actionable suggestions
  5. Prioritize improvements by impact

    • Rank improvements by how much they'll help

Output Format

Standard format for analysis reports:

## Executive Summary

Key findings and overall assessment

## Detailed Findings

### Category 1: [Issue Type]

-   Finding 1: [Description]
    -   Location: [File:Line]
    -   Severity: [High/Medium/Low]
    -   Recommendation: [Suggestion]

### Category 2: [Issue Type]

...

## Risk Assessment

Risk evaluation and potential impact

## Improvement Roadmap

1. Immediate (This Week): [Urgent fixes]
2. Short-term (This Month): [Important improvements]
3. Long-term (This Quarter): [Optimization projects]

## Code Examples

Relevant code examples and fix suggestions

Common Tools

Static Analysis Tools

ToolLanguagePurpose
ESLintJavaScript/TypeScriptCode style checking
SonarQubeMulti-languageComprehensive quality
CodeClimateMulti-languageMaintainability
SnykMulti-languageSecurity scanning

Performance Tools

ToolPurpose
LighthouseWeb performance
Chrome DevToolsRuntime analysis
Webpack Bundle AnalyzerBundle analysis
clinic.jsNode.js performance

Using AI for Code Analysis

You can have AI help with code analysis:

Analyze the following code for:
1. Code quality assessment
2. Potential performance issues
3. Security risks
4. Improvement suggestions

[Paste code]

Next Steps

Check out GitHub Issue Analysis to learn how to turn issues into technical specs.

📚 Related resources

Common questions

Open a question to review the practical answer.

How many code analysis types does the chapter cover?

Six: (1) Knowledge Graph Generation — component relationships / dependency visualization / architectural patterns; (2) Code Quality — cyclomatic / maintainability index / tech debt / duplication; (3) Performance — bottlenecks / memory patterns / algorithmic complexity / DB queries; (4) Security — vulnerabilities / input validation / auth / sensitive data; (5) Architecture — SOLID / coupling and cohesion / module boundaries; (6) Test Coverage — percentage / untested paths / test quality.

Which static analysis tool — ESLint / SonarQube / CodeClimate / Snyk — should I pick?

They serve different needs: ESLint is JS/TS-specific lint, run it on every PR; SonarQube is multi-language unified quality with bugs / smells / security in one report, ideal as the main CI gate; CodeClimate emphasizes maintainability index and trend charts, valuable for long-term monorepo tracking; Snyk is vulnerability-focused (dependency CVEs + code layer) and complements GitHub Dependabot. The full stack tends to be ESLint + SonarQube + Snyk.

Should I profile web performance with Lighthouse or Chrome DevTools?

Lighthouse produces composite scores (Performance / Accessibility / SEO / Best Practices) plus LCP / CLS / TBT — ideal for PR automation and periodic regression. Chrome DevTools handles runtime profiling (Timeline / Heap / Network) and pinpoints individual slow operations. The flow: Lighthouse identifies which page has trouble, then DevTools drills into the specific call responsible.

How should an analysis report be organized so readers actually act on it?

The chapter's 5-section template: Executive Summary (key findings + overall verdict), Detailed Findings (grouped by category, each with Location file:line + Severity High/Medium/Low + Recommendation), Risk Assessment (potential impact), Improvement Roadmap (Immediate this week / Short-term this month / Long-term this quarter), Code Examples. Findings without Location and Severity are essentially noise.

How do I prompt AI to do useful code analysis?

The chapter's four-part template: "Analyze this code: 1. Code quality; 2. Potential performance issues; 3. Security risks; 4. Improvement suggestions". The point is enumerating dimensions explicitly rather than asking "take a look at this code". Add three context items — language / framework version / business scenario — otherwise the AI returns generic filler like "consider using more modern syntax".